The Film Industry

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The Film Industry

The sole purpose of any media product is to make money. If it doesn't make any money then no more products will be made.

They also exist to:

- Enrich our lives
- Entertain an audience
- To change peoples perspective/propaganda

The birth of film:

- The first animation in movies was in 1899
- The first film was to settle a debate about horses hooves touching the ground (1878)
- Films in the 1890s were under a minute long
- Sound was not introduced until 1927, before then the were mute.
- The first film studios were built in 1897.

Le jardinier et le petit espiegle (1895)

Editing techniques were formalised in a production line in warehouses in LA. Each person has a very specific role. Every editor and director was a woman because as making film is seen as a 'girly' job. This is called 'Classical Hollywood Narrative'. 

Spatial continuity - Audience always knows
Temporal continuity - Flashbacks etc

Film Industry Key Terms


The studio system - 

Production - Making a media product.

Distribution - Getting the product out there.

Conglomeration - 

Digital Technologies - Technology made possible through the use of computers. e.g. a mobile phone.

Convergence - Where two separate media industries come together. e.g. the music industry.

Regulation - The rules and restrictions followed by a media product.

Exhibition - The showing of media products. e.g. The cinema or YouTube.

Vertical/Horizontal integration - 

Developments in the way people watch films in the last 20 years:


- Pirating sites such as PutLocker (Illegal)
- Streaming/downloading sites such as Netflix (Legal)
- Paying on sites such as iTunes.


David Hesmondhalgh - The cultural industries:

Horizontal integration is where a company buys out other film companies in order to eliminate competition. e.g. Disney buying LucasFilm.

Vertical Integration is where a company buys up other companies involved in different  stages of the production and circulation (They could buy and own theatres, equipment, studios and actors/actresses.)

Conglomeration is a corporation that consists of a group of businesses dealing in different products or services.

Idents - e.g. The Universal World one.


UNIVERSAL PICTURES

- Universal Pictures is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. 

- Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City.

- Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour.

- It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company.

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